In lean manufacturing, value is defined and decided by the end customer. It’s the same in lean communication: your listener is your end customer and only they decide if they get value from the encounter. The only way to know if they got value is to consider what they would pay for the opportunity to get that precise information, at that precise time, from you alone. Of course, people “pay” for the communication in the form of time and effort, but maybe they’re being polite or have no choice. If they had to pay money to hear you, would they?